Effect of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Condition on Extraction of Carotenoids and Seed Oil from Rosehip Fruits
نویسندگان
چکیده
Temperature and pressure effects of supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2) on the extraction of carotenoids and seed oil from rosehip fruits have been studied. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) has shown much potential skills for the isolation of organic compounds from various samples. SFE minimizes sample handling, provides fairly clean extracts, expedites sample preparation and reduces the use and disposal of environmentally aggressive solvents. SCCO2 is by far the fluid most commonly used in SFE. This is due to its non-toxicity, non-flammability, having low cost, ease of removal from the extracted materials and having low critical temperature and pressure (31.1C and 7.4 MPa, respectively). Fruits and seeds of rosehip fruits were pretreated prior to extraction processes. Extraction was carried out at various pressures (15 – 45 MPa) and temperatures (40 – 80C). The yield of total carotenoids and seed oil extracted from fruits and seeds of rosehip were found to be 1.43 – 5.02% and 4 – 15.8%, respectively. As detected by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods, the carotenoids extracted from rosehip peel contained lycopene, β-carotene and xanthophylls. Lycopene, β-carotene and xanthophylls content in the extract were 7 – 84.9%, 0.93 – 6.0% and 0.002 – 0.13%, respectively. The total carotenoids and seed oil extracted, and carotenoids content in the extracts were significantly affected by SCCO2 condition. Fatty acids in the seed oil extracted were determined by gas chromatography – flame ionization detector (GC-FID) after esterification. No significant effects of SCCO2 condition were observed on the fatty acid composition of the extracts.
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